A significant global issue is the tendency of girls to abandon STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects, especially during high school. Although STEM represents the future, the participation of women in these fields remains low. Let’s examine why this happens and what statistics reveal about the scale of this phenomenon.

Early interest and loss of enthusiasm in later grades

Studies show that girls often demonstrate an interest in STEM subjects at an early stage of education. For example, a UNESCO report reveals that by the fifth grade, around 70% of girls express a willingness to learn mathematics and science. However, these numbers drop drastically over time—according to data from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), in high schools, only about 30% of girls continue pursuing STEM subjects.

Stereotypes and lack of support

One of the main reasons girls abandon STEM subjects is the influence of societal stereotypes. A 2018 study by Microsoft found that girls begin losing interest in STEM subjects between the ages of 11 and 15 as stereotypes portraying these fields as “male domains” intensify. The report also highlighted that girls in countries where educational programs and society support gender equality in STEM are more likely to remain engaged in these subjects.

Unequal teacher feedback

Differences in teachers’ evaluations and approaches can also influence girls’ decisions. According to a 2019 OECD report, teachers often unconsciously encourage boys to take on challenges in STEM and technical subjects, while providing girls with support in more “traditional” areas. This significantly impacts girls’ self-esteem, leading them to believe they lack aptitude for STEM, despite having the necessary skills.

Lack of female role models

The absence of women in scientific and technological roles can also deter girls from continuing their education in STEM. According to “The State of Girls and Women in STEM” report by the National Girls Collaborative Project, about 29% of girls indicate that they do not see enough women working in these fields, which may influence their interest in science and technology.

What steps can be taken?

  1. Introduce early mentoring programs – Encourage role models by organizing meetings with successful women in science and technology.
  2. Training for teachers – Raise awareness among teachers about stereotypes and gender equality to avoid unconscious biases.
  3. Support girls’ interests – Parents and guardians can play a significant role in motivating girls to continue their STEM education by providing emotional support and encouragement.

Girls abandoning STEM subjects is a serious issue with complex causes, but it is also one that can be overcome. Joint efforts by parents, teachers, and the community can help girls feel more confident in the world of STEM, enhancing their potential and fostering a passion for learning.

Sources:

  1. UNESCO, Cracking the Code: Girls’ and Women’s Education in STEM, 2017.
  2. Microsoft, Why Do Girls Lose Interest in STEM?, 2018.
  3. OECD, The ABC of Gender Equality in Education: Aptitude, Behaviour, Confidence, 2019.
  4. National Girls Collaborative Project, The State of Girls and Women in STEM, 2021.